Oilfield sludge is a complex hazardous waste containing petroleum hydrocarbons, heavy metals, and chemicals. Traditional methods like landfill and incineration have drawbacks such as land occupation, resource waste, or secondary pollution (e.g., dioxins), failing to meet increasingly stringent environmental standards. Consequently, developing a technology capable of "volume reduction, harmless treatment, and resource recovery" for sludge is urgently needed. Thermal desorption technology has emerged as a key solution to this industry challenge due to its unique advantages.